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    Crime and Punishment follows a young man who murders two women. In the part of the book that I am on, Raskolnikov is just now leaving Porfiry's after being 'interrogated'. Him and Razumikhin are walking to Bakaleev's, which is where they are to meet Dunya, Pulkheria, and Luzhin. However, when they arrive, Raskolnikov runs home to look for stolen objects in his house, in fear that he may have dropped something the day that he moved all of the stolen items. When he gets there, the porter points out Raskolnikov to a man, who mysteriously looks at him and then walks away without saying a word. Raskolnikov ran to catch up to him, but when he did, the man just called him a 'murderer' and then kept going without another word. This mystery man imposes the questions in the reader's mind 'Who is this man?' and 'What does he know about the murders?'. After this, Raskolnikov returns home and is so flustered that he lies down and ends up falling asleep. He then has a dream that the mysterious man leads him to the Ivanovna's house and then disappears. Raskolnikov finds himself in their flat, and encounters Alena sitting in a chair with her head down. Suddenly, Raskolnikov takes an axe and strikes her head with it, but her only reaction to the blow was laughter. He kept striking her with it, but she only laughed more and more. Soon, Raskolnikov was hearing whispers and laughter everywhere, and finally woke up. I think this dream symbolizes his paranoia and how he felt like Porfiry was mocking him and trying to 'trap' him by asking certain questions about the day the women were murdered.
    When Raskolnikov awoke from this dream, a man was standing outside of his door. He welcomed himself in and introduced himself as Svidigaylov. This is the man that Dunya used to work for, but was fired because he fell in love with her (although she didn't love him back). He talked about his dead wife, and how he wanted to speak to Dunya. He also kept telling Raskolnikov that 'they'd become good frineds' and that 'he finds himself in Raskolnikov'. This makes Raskolnikov angry because Svidigaylov is not a good man. The man gives Raskolnikov a message to give to Dunya, which Raskolnikov is reluctant about at first, but then decides sto do so just to keep Svidigaylov away from Dunya. The quote "'They say that you drove Marfa Petrovna into her grave' is that so?' rudely interrupted Raskolnikov" deomnstrates situational irony. This is because Raskolnikov finds fault in Svidigaylov for his wife's death and holds it against him, even though he has killed two women himself. The conversation between the two of them end abruptly, since Raskolnikov had to meet his mother, sister, and her fiancee at dinner.

 
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    In the last part of Crime and Punishment, Raskolnikov has witnessed the death of a friend of his. Raskolnikov ends up giving the dead man's family all of his money to pay for the funeral. After this, Raskolnikov goes to visit Razumikhin at his house-warming party. When Raskolnikov gets there, Razumikhin is irritated by the people who are in his house. He gets so irritated that he ends up leaving his own party in order to walk Raskolnikov home. Razumikhin was drunk while taking him home, and ended up telling Raskolnikov things that he didn't mean to say. One of these is that Zosimov thinks that Raskolnikov is going mad. When Raskolnikov gets home, his mother and sister are there waiting for him with Nastasya. they all talk and congregate for a little while, then Raskolnikov starts to feel fain. At this time, Raskolnikov's mother, Pulkheria and his siser, Dunya, leave to go to their hotel. When Raskolnikov and Razumikhin arrive at Raskolnikov's flat, the author uses the quote "...that he had recieved an impression of a kind that he had never known before, and quite unlike others,". This quote describes how Razumikihn felt when Raskolnikov's mother and sister saw him. This line shows that razumikhin doesn't drink often, but because he showed up drunk tonight, they will assume that he is drunk all of the time.
    The next day, Dunya and Pulkheria come over to Raskolnikov's house with a letter from Luzhin. The letter states that the two of them should show up to dinner without raskolnikov, or else he will leave immediately. This is an example of situational irony because Raskolnikov has bascially given the same ultimatum to Dunya. However, Dunya refuses this to happen, and asked for Raskolnikov to come anyway to prove Luzhin's love for her. Raskolnikov agrees to do so. She also invited Razumikhin to come along.
    Suddnely, Sonya, Marmeladov's eldest daughter, comes into the room. She thanks Raskolnikov for the money that he gave her family. However, the whole time that Sonya is there, she acts sheepish and ashamed, and doesn't look anyone in the eyes. It is clear that Spnya is surprised by the amount of money Raskolnikov handed her family after looking around his apartment. This is shown in the quote "'...Why are you looking round my room? Mama here says it is like a coffin.' 'You gave us all you had yesterday !'". After a while, Pulkheria and Sonya leave, and Pulkheria starts to complain to her daighter about how she thinks that Raskolnikov is in love with a prostitute. After they leave, Raskolnikov and Razumikhin head to go meet Porfiry, who is the investigator of the Ivanova sisters' death. On the way, Raskolnikov notices that Razumikhin is dressed very nicely and is suddenly well put-together. He begins to make fun of him, as seen in the line "A six-foot tall Romeo!", which is an allusion. This line referrs to the great literary work of Shakespeare, which was Romeo and Juliet. Raskolnikov had known that Razumikhin liked Dunya. He kept making fun of him until they reached their desination. Once there, Raskolnikov and Porfiry seem to like each other at first, but then seem to be challenging what one another said. Porfiry's constant asking of questions began to agitate Raskolnikov, and he later on ended up leaving.

 
        The author of the book Crime and Punishment made sure to incorporate more than enough literary elements within the story. In this part of the book, Raskolnikov has woken up from his "coma" and is being told everything that has occurred while he was passed out. After a while, a man appears in the doorway. This man turns out to be Peter Petrovich, called Luzhin in the book, who is Raskolnikov's sister's fiancee. While luzhin is there, he puts on a display and tries to impress the others with how 'intelligent' he is. This results in Raskolnikov and Razumikhin treating him coldly. After a disagreement with Raskolnikov, Luzhin leaves his flat. At this time, Raskolnikov asks everyone to leave out of frustration. When everyone left the flat, Raskolnikov hurriedly got dressed and slipped out of the building to go for a walk. Raskolnikov wandered around aimlessly, until he found himself at the house that Alena and Lizaveta Ivavovna lived in. He went inside to their flat, to find two men in there painting. While Raskolnikov was in the flat, he began to ask questions about what happened and why there isn't anymore blood. The painters start to get suspicious and agitated, and soon tell him to get out. However, Raskolnikov insists that they go to the police about it. In this part, dramatic irony is displayed with the quote "But suppose him to have been inexperienced, and it emerges that it was nothing but chance that saved him from disaster...". This is because someone standing nearby said this near Raskolnikov, without realizing that they were right by the murderer.
    Raskolnikov ends up leaving the Ivavovna's old house, and begins to walk down the street, when he suddenly sees a crowd of people gathered around a horse carriage. Raskolnikov pushes his way through the crowd to see what was going on. Lying on the ground, near the horse's feet, was a man dripping in blood. Raskolnikov recognized him as Marmeladov, the man he met at a bar a while back. Without haste, Raskolnikov tells the police who he is, where he lives, how he knows him, and offers to pay for a doctor. Soon enough, they arrive back at Marmeladov's flat, where they lay him on a couch. After he does his confessions and sees his daughter for the last time, he died. His wife, now widowed twice, exclaimed "Thank God he is dying! Our loss will be less!", which is verbally ironic since it is usually a sad thing when somebody dies.
    The dream that Raskolnikov had earlier about the man beating his horse until it died definately foreshadowed this event. Although the dream was about the drunk owner of a horse beating it mercilessly until it died, Marmeladov was trampled and killed by a horse while he was drunk. After Raskolnikov had this dream, part of him felt like it would come true. His dream practically came true, except it was twisted around opposite of what he dreamed.
    After watching Marmeladov die, Raskolnikov hands his widow money that was sent to him by his mother. He gave her the money to pay for the funeral. Shortly after doing this, Raskolnikov leaves to go to his friend Razumikhin's house-warming party. When Raskolnikov gets there, Razumikhin is drunk and cursing the people in his house. Raskolnikov begins to feel faint and Razumikhin walks Raskolnikov home. On the way home, Razumikhin tells Raskolnikov about how Zosimov feels like Raskolnikov is going mad. Raskolnikov also tells Razumikhin about where he'd just been. In this part of the text, the phrase 'flame-coloured feather' really stood out to me. This is because he was referring to Marmelodov's daughter, who ran up and kissed Raskolnikov and thanked him for his kind gesture. After this, Raskolnikov felt very alive and excited. This 'flame-coloured feather' could be the feather of a phoenix. Although Marmeladov has just died, something has just come alive within Raskolnikov.
 
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    The last section of the book Crime and Punishment contained a lot of suspense. Now that the murders have been committed and Raskolnikov was able to walk away without being noticed, we get to move on to the next part of the book. The following chapters of Crime and Punishment now contain a lot of verbal, situational, and dramatic irony. Before Raskolnikov killed Alena and Lizaveta Ivavovna, the book talked about how he was beginning to feel feverish. After the killings, Raskolnikov's fever begins to get worse and worse. When Raskolnikov got home the night that he murdered the women, he was in an extreme sense of paranoia, and felt that he would get caught at any moment. He ended up falling asleep, and not waking up until the next day around noon. Nastasya, the 'housemaid', came in and woke him up, and also told him that he was wanted at the police station. Of course, this news strikes a nerve in Raskolnikov. When Raskolnikov arrives at the police station, he is scolded for the about his debt. However, while he is there, he finds himself arguing with a lieutenant. During this argument, Raskolnikov makes the statement "'Poverty is no crime...'", which is verbal irony because he has just murdered two women, and was motivated by money. After a while, Raskolinkov leaves the police station and goes back home. Once he is there, he starts to feel paranoid about the objects that he stole again. So, Raskolnikov decided to go for a walk and find some place to get rid of them. At first, Raskolnikov wants to throw them in a river, but then realizes that the small items might float instead of sink. Soon enough, Raskolnikov encounters a waste land that was fenced off. He finds a large boulder that had a small hole underneath where he was able to hide the items. Before Raskolnikov committed the murders, he wasn't anxious and paranoid. However, ever since he decided to go through with his plans, he has been in an odd state of mental health. The quote "'This would be a place to throw the things and get away', he thought at once" contains symbolism for his anxiety and paranoia. Raskolnikov feels that once he gets rid of the objects, everything will be ok for him. The objects could symbolize his anxiety and the dump could symbolize him getting rid of his worries. 
    When Raskolnikov leaves the dump, he goes to visit his friend Razumikhin. However, When Raskolnikov arrives at his house, he suddenly feels angry and does not want to speak to Razumikhin. Raskolnikov ends up leaving Razumikhin's house abruptly. On his way home, Raskolnikov is given a handful of money after being mistaken for being a bum. "He unclasped his hand and stared at the money, then flung it into the water with a sweep of the arm; then he turned away and walked homewards." This quote suggests that Raskolnikov's constent acts of getting rid of money could be a motif in this story. By the time Raskolnikov gets home, he is so sick and feverish that he ends up passing out. He stayed in a coma for a couple of days, and when he finally awaoke, there was a crowd of people in his apartment, which consisted of a doctor, Nastasya, Razumikhin, and Zametov. This group of people talk to Raskolnikov about who they think murdered the women, how it happened, what Raskolnikov said while he was delirious, and a letter that was sent to him. Much of the converstaion they had was ironic because Raskolnikov was the one who killed the women, but they had their own theories about what happened and who did it.

 
    This section of the book is very interesting. In this part of the book, Raskolnikov goes through with his murder plans. Throughout this part, the reader experiences a lot of suspense. The text makes the reader ask questions and wonder 'what will happen next?'. The quote "He had though about the main point, but he had put the details aside until he had convinced himself" characterizes Raskolnikov. It shows that even though he wanted to carry out his plans to murder the Alena Ivanovna in order to help benefit others, a part of him still felt like it was wrong and he didn't want to actually commit to his plan. In order to murder Alena Ivanovna, Raskolnikov was going to steal an axe, loop it inside of his coat so that it wouldn't be seen, and trick Alena Ivanovna with some parcels to distract her while he pulled the axe out to kill her. While stealing the axe, Raskolnikov starts to get a guilty feeling again. In the quote "'It was not my planning, but the devil, that accomplished that!' He though, and laughed strangely, extraordinarily heartened by this stroke of luck" characterization motivation is shown by Raskolnikov blaming his act of stealing the axe on the devil. This is also ironic because Raskolnikov is killing Alena Ivavovna in order to rob her and help others, however, he finds evil in stealing the axe in order to do so. When Raskolnikov goes up to Alena Ivavovna's apartment, his nerves start to get to him again. However, he goes through with his plan. After Raskolnikov hits Alena over the head with the axe, her sister, Lizaveta arrives. Although Raskolnikov wasn't expecting this, he ends up killing her as well in order to keep her from screaming. Raskolnikov then goes to the bedroom and takes all of Alena's valuables, and takes her purse that she was wearing. Before Raskolnikov was able to leave the apartment, two men come knocking at the door for Alena. Thsi scene adds a lot of suspense to this book. Dostoevsky builds suspense in this book by creating the question in the reader's mind of whether or not the men at the door will expose Raskolnikov with the line "'Don't you understand? That means one of them is at home. If everybody were out, they would have locked the door from outside, not bolted it from inside.'" The two men stay outside of the apartment for a little while, then when nobody answeres, they decide to get the landlord. When Raskolnikov hears their footsteps disappear, he slips out of the apartment and into a flat a level lower in order to escape a crowd of people. When this crowd passes, Raskolnikov is lucky enough to slip out of the building and be on his way. Although there was a lot of suspense built at this point in the book, Raskolnikov is able to commit the murders successfull From this point in the book, a lot of situational and verbal irony keep occuring.
 
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    While reading the book Crime and Punishment, I've noticed that Raskolnikov has a sort of odd character to him. However, I am very fascinated with his thoughts and actions. In the part of the story that I am on now, Raskolnikov has a strange dream. In this dream, Raskolnikov is a child again. He and his father are going for a walk, and end up at the graveyard where is grandmother and younger brother are buried. His younger brother died when he was only six months old. The quote "Near his grandmother's grave, which was marked by a stone, was the little grave of his younger brother, who had died six months old and whom he could not remember. He had been told about his little brother and every time they visited the cemetary he devoutly and reverently crossed himself before the little grave and bowed down and kissed it" holds a lot of significance. This quote not only foreshadows some event, but also shows irony. Raskolnikov is honoring the dead by crossing himself, but later on in the story, commits two murders. Raskolnikov also dreams that while leaving the cemetary, he and his father passes a tavern. Outside of the tavern, a drunken man was whipping his old, battered horse. The man eventually gets a group of drunk people together to help him beat the horse until it died. The whole time, Raskolnikov is crying out and trying to get them to stop. However, he is unsuccessful, and witnessed the death of the horse. Another event is foreshadowed in the story, based on the quote "Cries arose. 'He'll crush her! He'll crush her!'". Earlier in the story, Raskolnikov thought about a dream that he had that 'came true'. Raskolnikov awoke suddenly after the death of the horse.
    In the next part of the story, Raskolnikov goes out for another one of his walks so that he could clear his mind. During his walk, he encounters a woman by the name of Lizaveta Ivovna, who is the younger half-sister of Alena Ivavna. The story describes how Raskolnikov goes to Alena to pawn items and borrow money from her, and how lately he has not benn paying her back. It can be inferred from the quote "He had learned, suddenly and quite unexpectedly, that at seven o'clock the next day Lizaveta, the old woman's sister and only companion, would be out, and that meant that at seven o'clock in the evening the old woman would be at home alone" that Raskolnikov is planning to kill the old woman. I think that money is the motive behind his plan. The story explains how stingy Alena was, leaving in her will only her furniture for her sister. All of her money in her will was going to a monastary in order to 'rest her soul'. The quote "kill her, take her money, on condition that you dedicate yourself with it to help to the service of humanity and the common good: don't you think that thousands of good deeds will wipe out one little, insignificant transgression?' was stated by someone sitting a few tables away from Raskolnikov at a bar, whose conversation he just happened to overhear. This quote shows verbal and situational irony because this was Raskolnikov's plan for the murder and robbery of the old woman, and the person saying it didn't realize that it would actually happen later.

 
    The book Crime and Punishment was written in 1866. Since then, there have been many variations of he book. Overtime, this book became a literary treasure. In the beginning of this book, the main character, Raskolnikov, is talked about. The book gives the reader n idea of what he is like. The author uses both direct and indirect characterization to describ him. For example, the quote "It was not that he was a cowed or naturally timorous person, far fom it; but he had been for some time in an almost morbid state of irritability and terison" shows the reader that he is deaing with something stressful, which is why he is in such an odd state. In this book, it is clear that the character Raskolnikov is of the lower class. In the beginning, Raskolnikov meets a middle aged man at a bar named Marmaladov. Although Raskolnikov usually tries not to interact with people, he sat and listened to Maramaladov as he told him about his life. Marmaladov was drunk at the time, and revaled to Raskolnikov things about his personal life, like how he's a drunk and spent his family's money on alcohol, causing his eldest daughter to give in to prostitution in order to supply for the family. In this part of the book, the author writes "On the bar were sliced cucumbers, rusks of black bread, and fish cut into small peices, all very evil smelling". I think that this quote is important because the setting is in a bar, where alcohol is served. At this time, heavy drinking was looked at as an evil thing. This quote holds symbolism and adds to the setting.
    Later on, Raskolnikov leaves the bar and goes home to rest. The next morning, a woman by the name of Nastasya, who serves as a maid in his apartment complex, brings him a letter from his mother. In the letter, his mother tells him about how his sister is going to be married off to a wealthy man. This also adds to the setting because during this time period, arranged marriages happened a lot. The news that his mother broke to him in the letter upset Raskolnikov a lot. Rasklnikov takes a long walk after finding this out, where he has a run in with a man who seemed to be trying to take advantage of an already drunken and abusive teenage girl. In this part, Raskolnikov pays an officer to find her a cab so that she can get home safely. However, the officer does not use the money to do so.
    Another significant character in this story is Raskolnikov's only friend, Razumikhin. Razumikhin used to attend the same university as Raskolnikov, which is where they met. Raskolnikov rarely ever speaks to him, but based off the quote "Two months or so previously, they had on one occasion nearly come face to face in the street, but Raskolnikov turned aside and crossed to the other side to avoid beeing seen, and Razumikhin, although he had in fact seen him, walked past, not wanting to worry his friend", Razumikhin understands Raskolnikov's withdrawal from the world. Although Razumikhin is hardly mentioned, he seems to hold importance in this story, as if he will appear again later on.

    Feodor Dostoevsky

    Feodor Dostoevsky is the author of the book Crime and Punishment, which was written in 1866. He is from Moscow, Russia, and died in St. Petesburg. Dostoevsky was born November 11, 1821, and died February 9, 1881. This is when and where the book takes place.

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